2013 human andthe SAR rate for domestic application was

2013 International Conference on Computation of Power, Energy, Information and Communication (ICCPEIC) 93Solar Based Wireless Power Transfer SystemS.Suja, T.Sathish K umar, Student Member, IEEEAbstract: This paper describes about the utilization of solarenergy and the wireless transmission of the generated power.First the solar power is stored in a battery which is thentransferred through wireless medium based on inductivecoupling. There is a high thrust for renewable energy tomitigate the effect of global warming. The inductive powertransfer has wide applications along with renewable energy. Todemonstrate this solar based wireless power transfer system forhome appliances has been developed. The advantage of thisproject is to increase the usage of renewable energy resources inorder to reduce the CO emissions. And also the wireless powertransfer system is a new way to transfer the power to the loadrather than the conventional method of transferring powerthrough livewires.Keywords-inductive charging, non-radiative energy transfer,renewable energy sources, wireless power transfer system(WPTs).I.INTRO DUCTTONNowadays electrical power generation andtransmission become very challenging due to high demand.To overcome this renewable energy sources and theconventional energy transmission should be redesigned to gethigher energy utilization. This paper describes about wirelesspower transfer system using magnetic coupling 1-lO.With the abundant solar energy in our country, it is essentialto extract the maximum solar power at higher efficiency,since the construction of the solar panel is very expensive.The innovation of wireless power transferdeveloped from the inconvenience of having too many wiresconnected in small power sockets. We thought that many ofus have the same experience of having not enough socketsfor our electronic devices. Hence by creating a wirelesspower transfer system,T.Sathish Kumar#Department of EEE, Coimbatore Institute ofTechnologyCoimbatore, Tamil Nadu, [email protected], Department of EEE Coimbatore Institute of Technology TamilNadu, [email protected] PCs and laptops. The idea of wireless power transfercan be look back to 1820 when Andre-Marie Ampereinvented his principle which states that an electric currentproduces a magnetic field. Nikola Tesla experimentallydemonstrated wireless power transfer in 189l. Tesla wasconducted an experiment and he developed a model forresonant circuit that is able to couple a high frequencycurrent into another resonant circuit of a similar type. Withhis circuit, he was able to transmit power wirelessly i.e.without any physical interconnecting conductor to power alight bulb 11.The magnetic inductive coupling uses nonradioactivetransmission using electro magnetically inducedtransparency 12 13. The more detailed experimental setupclearly describes about the radioactive effect to human andthe SAR rate for domestic application was obtained 14.Rapid usage of smarter electronics causes theportable devices a part of our day to day life. And the majordomestic electrical devices also important so it leads to highdemand. Power transmission to the domestic applicationslike fan, light and other electrical devices are veryconventional since the advent of electricity. But in the case ofcommunication the innovation and advancement intechnologies are plenty. Hence the wireless powering of suchdevices would increase our consuming capacity rather thanthe conventional way of transferring power.And also the complexity of wires in the wired powertransmission is high due to more number of devicesconnected in a single room. Power transferring throughlivewires causes many fire accidents and leads to fatal death.To avoid this alternative way of transferring power ISrequired 15-21.Hence the wireless power transfer system isnecessary to move on to a new technological world. This willreduce the complexity of the power transmission. And alsoprotection is improved in this wireless power transmissionsystem.We are in the energy deficit era because of hugedemand from the consumers. This increases alternativesource of energy to utilize more power. In India from the Sunwe can extract more energy. Solar energy is the rightalternative energy source to utilize. To decrease the usage ofnon-renewable energy source we can go for solar energy.In this project we have proposed solar based WPTsystem.ISBN: 978-1-4673-6408-9113/$3l.00©20 13IEEE 2013 International Conference on Computation of Power, Energy, Information and Communication (ICCPEIC) 94The solar panels can be placed in the roof top of thefloor; the power produced is stored in a battery. From thereinverter circuit is used to generate an AC voltage. And thatgenerated power is transferred to the load through inductivecoupling. By this the wireless power transmission can beachieved.For this we have designed the power transmitterunit and receiver unit using MAGNETV6 simulationsoftware. It consists of solar panel, power transmittercircuit, receiver circuit and load.II.DESIGN METHODLOGYPower transfer is attained by magnetic inductionbetween the transmitter and receiver. In the Fig.l the basicblock diagram of WPT system was shown below. The designmethods basically concentrated on designing of coils.SOLAR f—o r—o INVERTER – TRANS/vUSSION BATTERY PANEL F.-400KHz COIL f—o r—- -TRANSMITrER UNIT – -f—oLr— t—o …. 0RECEIVING BUCK INVERTER ACOIL RECTIFIER r— CONVERTER 0 r– r—oF,-50Hz ….RECEIVER UNITFig.IBlock diagram of the solar based WPT systemIn the basic block diagram a battery shown as asource which is going to get charged by solar panels, theinverter is used to produce AC voltage. To transfer highefficient power in the WPT system shown above impedancematching is very important.At transmitter side the inverter switching frequencyis 400 K Hz and in receiver side the switching frequency is50Hz.ln the receiver block rectifier and buck converter isused to get proper DC voltage. From that one inverter isplaced to produce AC supply to the load.The voltage and current characteristics of thetransmitting and the receiving coils can be described usingthe followingWhereVI = j lll1 + jwM1212 (1)V2 = j 21lI jwM2212 (2)M12 = {wi’l,lIIM22 (3)V1 voltage at the transmitting coil (Fig. 1);11 current at the transmitting coil (Fig. I);V2 voltage at the receiving coil (Fig. 1);12 current at the receiving coil (Fig. I);M11 self-inductance of the transmitting coil;M22 self-inductance of the receiving coil;M12 = M21 mutual inductance of the two coils;K coupling coefficient between the two coils.By Ohm’s law,TX = TX j tx = VIII1 (4)rx = rx + j rx = V2 12 (5)The TX and RX elements can be equivalentlyrepresented by a series RLC circuit. Helices are oftenpreferred as TX and RX WPT elements because they exhibitboth distributed inductance and capacitance, and thereforethey can be designed to self-tune to a desired resonantfrequency without the need of external capacitors.Also, external capacitors have losses, which inpractice can reduce the -factor of the TX and RX elementsand in turn decrease the efficiency of WPT systems. Basedon the equivalent RLC circuit of a WPT system, its resonantfrequency can be calculated by the following equation:Fre onance = _ (6)ZSr (,EThe resonant frequency is used to increase thesystem power transfer. After delivering power to transmittercoil through an impedance matching circuit by theoccurrence of magnetic resonance voltage will be induced inthe receiver coil. The received voltage is transferred to loadthrough an impedance matching network and power regulatorunit.III-DESIGNING OF COIL&SIMULATION RESULTSIn this section the coil design for wireless powertransfer system had been discussed. The wireless powertransfer system coil side simulation had done inMAGNETV6 software, in this many type of core architectureused to analyses the output. The output of the transmittercoil, receiver coil can be calculated in the time harmonic 2Dsimulation and the flux path of the transmitter to the receiver.ISBN: 978-1-4673-6408-9113/$31.00©20 13IEEE 2013 International Conference on Computation of Power, Energy, Information and Communication (ICCPEIC) 95″”14’I ___ ? __ 1 __ _O??. f”’ (;; I:tI:1 … .. ” ‘//?Q “”” ”’4?fl ” Q,.E:3_Col _1r…1? ? 1BI”=::3 .. ::j:: .. j .. i::j;: .. ;::::;;: :::;=.?.=.=”:::; .=.::;;: .=,=, O;:”::3=.?’=’=?’=’=.= ::lii. ?:.. .::: ::::: ltI l.. – -‘:”:;:!? ? R??:: ?: transmitter coil. . ,1,_ .. 1_, 3 I• _1_1 …. _1 __ 1..- …… 1 !!l8r'””-=–‘-‘,???– ?-receiver coilFig.2.a. core-I architecturefool« … _…..-.”‘”” __ ? __01#111 ” ,.. ….. t:lI:J … 1I- ” ‘//?CB34 … … ? E:3-ZlCoI _ J. =-::i::S . ·d· :::i: . i::: . :;::;: . =:;;: . =. =. ;::::::=. . :;::;: . .=. =. =. ;:::::: .=. =. ?1_1v.!W”?, IiIIl.. l? =:: : +n ?J_.,.. •c.. r….. _,_ ….. 01:=., A_ -.l • •11-JlI-,I ?1_1″” …….. I_”‘lo.- _I· r ‘ … .. — .. ··_ .. – – -?­ ? …. -transmitter coilil Ireceiver coilFig.2.b. core-II architecture””? ___ ? __ 1 __ _Cl?IiiI . ,.. … Ilf t+ ” ‘//?Q”‘4-“‘4?fl , o.E:j.transmitter coiljlj -.. 1-1I _1_1″‘_1 __ 10- _I.. ?’.- ‘” , -; c..l ,’.””I”.’m .. ?'””,,,- ?-:3 I “”——‘ilFig.2.c. core-III architecture””1*t-_…..-.,””,”,”,,,”_1 __ _CI?liiI a ,.. ….. ll t:ll ” ‘//E:J:HEJ:Bo … … ?”o;. ?’ “,’,1:3?a.:….J. ,. .. . , ……………… 4 .. ? ………….. ………… ” .,1- >cl!J1;1 .• ?, 1. — — ?;::;:: ? :.. fu;- :;: .u ?n ,:::: g :.•• ? A • transmitter coil receiver coil.j -,,1 ,. . ‘ ?I ?1_1″‘ ……. I_””I __ I· -; ? __? _ .. -” .. _ … )- ?-Fig.2.d. core-IV architecture……. r<-1iII1.a-MOiIII ......... go,..,?for>ol_ …. JIoIiII1)a:IiIA f””, UH t- tt /IE::J3IJ3I) ?4’1/o4?fI ‘ :l;=I_1->C. :;·.1…. ?’i?DMo ?. ?’Ju_ ?I.. ,..”‘” .,+n I’ •;?’-1 .. e. C…. ? 0 ?_lII’l_1I ,-I-I “”-,,…j_lMolC- lltul! ?”’_’_u?””” ! CoIf1(ltl1wn’IJI”lUWlt’?1.! 1ioI’/oIIotransmitter coil:!I 1receiver coilJ ___ -“—___ -‘Fig.2.e. core-V architecturef*Ea?MoM?t_?!!N! _____ ?.! f””, t:tt:t …. t;. .//o!lrnG ..T-‘: f ‘l. .. ‘ ??:l fIIotIInpl!c(leool! …… 1’-i”‘?I ……. io.- …. 1r–?-·CoIf2 I!ImZl