Bones of the mammalian skeleton · The skull includes 29 bones and 8cranial bones that make up the skull these protect the brain from harm anddamage. 14 bones to protect the mouth and nose.
6 bones that help with hearingand 1 bone that supports the tongue.· Thespinal column made up of about 26 bones also known as vertebrae. Split up into5 sections the cervical, thoracic, lumber, sacral and caudal.· Therib cage. This protect vital organs like the heart and lungs.· Shoulderand collar bone. Allows movement in arms.· Thepelvis is made up from 3 bones and can be used to identify the gender.
Joints and muscles in the body of an animalThe muscular system provides support, posture andprovide heat. There are 3 types of muscles smooth which are a part of bloodvessels, ducts, digestive and reproductive systems. Cardiac is the muscle thatmakes up the heart.
Skeletal muscles are the muscles that move the skeleton.There are many differentjoints such as the fixed joint where bones are bound together meaning they havelittle movement. Another joint is the ball and socket joint this joint allowsmovement in all directions for example the shoulder. The ellipsoidal jointallows movement in nearly all directions with minimum rotation the wrist is anexample of this joint. The hinge joint this joint bends or straightens forexample finger joints and the knee. Semi movable joint this joint joins the pelvis.The plane joint used in the foot and wrist.
The saddle joint which the bodyonly has one of in the base of the thumb. The pivot joint is used in the toppart of the neck and allows it to turn side to side. The endocrine system and nervous system The endocrinesystem is made up from many glands that produce chemicals and hormones theseregulate the activity of organs and cells. The hormones also help with growth.
Theendocrine system is made up of many glands including hypothalamus, pituitary,thyroid, parathyroid, adrenals, reproductive organs and the pineal body. Thenervous system is made up from the spinal cord and the brain. The works by thebrain sending messages through the spinal cord this controls movement andorgans.
Neurons are also a part of the nervous system with the brain containingabout 100 million neurons. Neurons are made up like a normal cell containing anucleus and something else called axons.
