Chapter1Introductionof the StudyChapter 1 is composed of six parts:(1) Background and of the Study, (2) Statement of the Problem, (3) Hypotheses,(4) Significance of the Study, (5) Definition of Terms, and (6) Scope and Delimitationof the Study.
Part One, Background and of the Study,presents the overview of the study and the reasons that made the researcherscome up with this study. Part Two, Statement of the Problem,enumerates the general and the specific problemsof the study. PartThree, Hypotheses of the study shows the researchers idea toward their topic.
Part Four, Significance of the Study,states the persons or organizations that can benefit from this study andexplains the benefits that may be derived from the findings of the study.Part Five, Definition of Terms,provides the conceptual and the operational definitions of important terms usedin the study. PartSix, Delimitation of the Study, specifies the scope and the coverage of thestudy. Background of the Study Itwas 2013 since the former President Benigno Aquino had implemented the K to 12system in the Philippines. Since then, the Department of Education had facedmany challenges as they adapt to the new curriculum. One of the aim of the formerPresident in implementing the said curriculum was to develop not only theintellectual capacity of the students but also their skills, with that aim theformer President believe that the said curriculum can help in producingeffective professionals in the country.
Because of that aim the Department ofEducation need to have an enough budget for the facilities most especially tothe electrical equipment. These electrical equipment are believed to catch theattention of the students and can help them in enhancing their intellect andskills. A growing body of research has foundthat electrical equipment that can be found in school can have a profoundimpact on both teacher and students. With respect to students, electricalequipment affect their health, behaviour, engagement, learning, and growth inachievement (The Pennsylvania State University, 2017). Many people wonder if the use ofelectrical equipment helps or hinders learning in a classroom. It isunderstandable that students nowadays prefer to type, take a picture,copy-paste, or download things that they need for their lessons, but then theyalso wonder whether the students are paying attention or staying engaged withthe discussion, and whether their use of those electrical equipment aredistracting them and other students (Fisher, 2015).
This is the angle of the problemthat the researchers are intended to focus in their study. The researcherswanted to determine the effect of electrical equipment in student’sattentiveness in school. The researchers wanted to observe the daily use ofelectrical equipment that can be found in school and how these electricalequipment can effect student’s attentiveness when having a class. The purpose of this is to know theeffect of the electrical equipment to student’s attentiveness in school. Inconnection with that the researchers will also know how those electricalequipment does affect the attentiveness of the students and can it be avoidedor prevented.
Statement of the Problem Thisstudy aims to know the effects of electrical equipment to the attentiveness ofthe students during their class.The following questions serve as a guide for theresearchers in this study:1. Whatare these electrical equipment?2. Whatare the effect of electrical equipment to the students?3. Whatelectrical equipment has a great and least influence to the student’sattentiveness during their class?4. Howdoes this electrical equipment affect student’s attentiveness? Hypothesis Theelectrical equipment has no significant effect to student’s attentivenessduring their class.Significanceof the Study Thisstudy deals with the effect of electrical equipment to student’s attentivenessin school especially when they are having a class.
Due to that this study wouldbenefit the students, teachers, school administration, and the Department of Education. Students. This study could bebeneficial to students in their everyday lectures and lessons during classes.
This will help them adjust and do some things that can make them regain theirattention toward their lessons. Teachers. This study could also be agreat help for the teachers to know how to handle and catch their student’sattention using those electrical equipment when they are having a class.
School Administrators. This study couldbenefit the school administrators by letting them know what electricalequipment are good and bad for the students learning. And what electricalequipment could help them in improving their facilities in school that canelevate student’s attentiveness. Department of Education. This studycould be a help to the DepEd for it could help them plan and strategized forthe betterment of the quality of education. This study could also give them anidea on what electrical equipment are effective for the learning of thestudents.
Definition of TermsAttentiveness – the action of paying close attention to something (Dictionary,2017) Inthis study, attentiveness refers to student’s interest and attention whilehaving a class. Effect – power to bring abouta result (Merriam- Webster, 2017) Inthis study, effect refers to student’s behaviour regarding to the electricalequipment that they use.Electrical Equipment – Inthis study, electrical equipment refers to any equipment that need an electricityin order to function that can be found in school.Students – one who attends a school : one who studies : an attentive and systematic observer (Merriam- Webster, 2017) Inthis study, students was represented by the Grade 12- Prudence of CalvarioMemorial Christian School, Inc. Scope and Delimitationof the Study This study will focused on theeffect of electrical equipment that can be seen in school to the attentivenessto the students when they are having a class. The study centered on whatfactors made those electrical equipment affect students’ attentiveness and whatelectrical equipment has a great and least effect to students’ attentiveness. The researcher also intended tolimit their study to relevant topics and information that could help themachieve and reach their goal in this study in a span of two months and half.
Chapter 2Review of Related Literature Chapter2 presents concepts, theories, readings, and research related to the currentstudy. It is compose of one part which shows the reason why electricalequipment can affect students’ attentiveness in school.The Effect of ElectricalEquipment to the Students’ AttentivenessAs one can observe most of the peopleespecially the students nowadays are dependent on electrical equipment. They have this thought in their mindthat they can’t live without those electrical equipment that makes their lifeeasy and comfortable, that is one of the reason why the researchers come upwith this study. Accordingto Earthman (2002) design features and components of a school building has beenproved that it can influence students learning. His study states that aparticular building features and components such as ventilation, lighting,temperature, and presence and location of windows serves as the variables thatinfluences student’s attentiveness during their class. Earthman(2002) explains in his study that electrical equipment influences student’sattentiveness during their class because of its impact toward the temperature,the lighting, to the ventilation inside the room, and the acoustic and age ofthe building they are in.
This idea ofEarthman (2002) is kind of the same as what did the Center for Innovative School Facilities hasstated, their difference is that the Center for Innovative School Facilities says that the impact ofelectrical equipment to the lighting, air quality, and noise only are the onethat influences student’s attentiveness during their class. While Schneider’s(2002) study says that electrical equipment’s impact to indoor air quality,ventilation, and thermal comfort are the main variables that affects students’attentiveness, but as his study was about to end he also include the acoustics,building’s age, etc. which is said asalso one of the variables the effect students’ attentiveness which is the kindof same to Earthman’s study. Whenyou combine the ideas of these three researchers it will shows that the impactof electrical equipment to the lighting, ventilation, temperature, and thenoise that was coming from those electrical equipment influences student’sattentiveness when they are having a class. In addition with that, aside fromthe impact of electrical equipment the building’s acoustics and age can alsoinfluence the attentiveness of the students.
It because of the followingreasons:Lighting Accordingto Schneider (2002) classroom’s lighting plays a particular critical role instudent’s attentiveness. Light can influence students attentiveness duringtheir class because lighting impacts the health, behaviour, and student’s attentionin a close or indoor environment (Center for Innovative School Facilities, ). Due to studentsbeing dependent on electrical equipment they cannot study well unless there isenough or good lighting (Schneider, 2002). The Center for Innovative School Facilities andSchneider’s (2002) both study says that students who are exposed on naturallight which is also known as daylight are more attentive and they have increasein their performance. Accordingto Center for InnovativeSchool Facilities there are different kind of light and each of them hastheir own function and they influences students in different ways.
First is theNatural light, as explained previously, classrooms that maximize student accessto daylight experience increased performance, attendance, health, and evenphysical development. Second is the Lighting fixtures while natural light isusually the best option for students, well-chosen lamps can reduce the negativeeffects of artificial lighting. The most appropriate technology depends on thetype of space and the activities that take place within it. Third is theMinimal glare, students benefit from clear, glare-free views within theclassroom, particularly for those subjects — such as math — where visualdemonstrations are key to student understanding. And last is the Control oflight sources, being able to shade students from direct sunlight and controldistractions with adjustable window coverings helps avoid the negativeinfluence that each have on performance.
Ventilationand Air Quality Accordingto Schneider’s (2002) study poor indoor air quality affects students attentivenessbecause makes students feel sick and a sick person cannot perform well. Young,Green, Patrick, Joseph, and Gibson (2003) says that “Poor air quality causesrespiratory infections, aggravates allergies, and causes drowsiness and shorterattention spans”. And being in a closearea without any fresh air coming from the outside and without a goodventilation can harm student’s health. That is why proper ventilation and agood air quality is important inside a classroom because it can help not to feelsick, far from harmful effect of bad ventilation and poor air quality, and itcan also help increase and develop students’ performance and attentiveness.According to Lanham (1999 cited in Earthman, 2002) the most influentialvariable that influence student’s attentiveness is the ventilation.Temperatureor Thermal Condition Accordingto Earthman (2002) good thermal condition is very important in a classroom forthe students to have an efficient performance when they are having a classbecause excessive temperatures caused stress in students that makes theirperformance decrease (Young, Green, Patrick, Joseph, & Gibson, 2003). Harner(1974 cited in Earthman, 2002) has concluded that the different level oftemperature influences a specific kind or part of student’s learning ability.
Basedupon an analysis of existing research, temperatures above 74°F adverselyaffected reading and mathematics skills. A significant reduction in reading speed and comprehension occurredbetween 73.4º F and 80.6º F.
Accordingto his analysis which is stated in Earthman’s (2002) study, the idealtemperature range for effective learning in reading and mathematics is between68º and 74º F. Based on existing studies Earthman (2002) concluded that theimportance of a controlled thermal environment was stressed as necessary forsatisfactory student performance. Noise TheCenter for InnovativeSchool Facilities says that noise can block student’s ability to learnand to understand the lesson being taught to them by their teacher. This is thereason why it is important to take noise pollution seriously, the harmfuleffects of poor acoustics and background noise go far beyond simple hearingdifficulties: long-term memory, reading ability, teacher effectiveness, andeven a student’s attitude suffer when a student learns in a noisy facility.Students that are subjected to loud classrooms score significantly worse instandardized tests measuring reading and math abilities and coping mechanismsfor dealing with chronic noise (i.e., tuning out all auditory input, no matterthe source) may further impair a student’s ability to receive instruction (Center for Innovative SchoolFacilities,).
According to Young, Green, Patrick, Joseph, and Gibson(2003) students who has higher achievement was associated with school who hasless external noise. Theresearchers just discuss the factors that are related to their study that iswhy even though building’s acoustics and age affect student’s attentiveness,the researchers does not further discuss it in this chapter because their studyfocus only to the effect of electrical equipment to student’s attentiveness inschool. Thestudies that has been used in this chapter shows that the condition of theschool’s electrical equipment has an important impact on student’sattentiveness and teacher’s effectiveness. In particular, research demonstratesthat comfortable classroom temperature, proper ventilation and good airquality, good and enough lighting, and less external noise level are veryimportant to efficient student performance (Earthman, 2002).
Chapter3MethodologyChapter 3 tells about the Methodologyof the study which restates the reasonsfor conducting the study and presents the research design used, describes therespondents involved in the study and the location where the study is beingdone, the data-gathering instrument used, and the steps of the research processand the procedures for data analysis. Research DesignThis study aims to know the effects ofelectrical equipment that can be found in school to the attentiveness ofstudents during their class. In addition with that this study will also knowthe electrical equipment that greatly or least influence the attentiveness of astudents in their class. This study is a qualitative- quantitative research ina naturalistic approach, which is use to collect and gather data andinformation that is relevant to their study.Research LocaleThe study was conducted in the room ofthe Grade 12- Prudence. It is located in the second floor, painted with whiteceiling and mint green walls. The room has three stand fans, three wall fans,two fluorescent lamp, and a projector.ParticipantsDue conflicting schedules and shortspan of time the researchers choose the Grade 12- Prudence (aside from theresearchers) of Calvario Memorial Christian School, Inc.
and their subjectteachers as the participants of their study. All in all there are 25participants. 19 of them are students, 7 boys and 12 girls aging 17-20 yearsold while the remaining 6 participants are their subject teachers.Research InstrumentThe researchers will use a surveyquestionnaire for both teachers and students in data and information gathering.The researchers will also conduct a separate focus group discussion forteachers and students for more detailed and specific questions.
They will alsoconduct a data analysis to have some basis for their performance in school.Data Analysis ProceduresThe researchers will observe thestudents while they are having a class for a month and in that same month theyare going to give their survey questionnaire to both teachers students. Theresearchers will also have a documentary analysis using their grades for thepast years and semesters. After observing the students the researchers willhave conduct a focus group discussion for students and teachers separately. Andthen the researchers will compare the student’s answers to their grades withregard to the teacher’s answers.
