Category: Psychologists

IntroductionWith the world becoming more and more digital, text is being shifted from paper to screens. Research is now widely done online, and students are now primarily reading and learning digitally. With this, the quality of learning is beginning to be questioned: if the way information is processed affects the way it is recalled, it is likely that information retention is affected by different mediums. The brain goes through information processing when reading content in order to store it in short-term memory. It is important that psychologists understand the effects of information processing to reading on these different mediums so […]

Learning and memory Discussion 1 Learning entails acquiring knowledge and skills whereas memory is the immediate expression after an individual has acquired any knowledge. Learning happens slowly, and people might have trouble, but memory is expressed as soon as information is acquired. This relationship is vital to note when planning on the methods and instructions of how employees will learn in the workplace (Ambrose et al, 2010). Adults have a larger brain capacity than children therefore; they do not need intense learning methods. Some of the learning methods for adults in the workplace are coaching, workshops and practical lessons. The […]

Whydo people forget their past memories? Many studies are conducted regarding thistopic and different theories have been made such as fading caused by time andthe other is that some way, the memory failed to be retrieved.            Experts developed a theory aboutforgetting short and long term memory. Displacement theory for the short termtheory and Interference for the long term memory. Because of the limitedcapacity of our brain it cannot hold small details all at once inside thestorage. When there is a new memory created, the old ones will decay andreplaced by the newer ones. According to Murdocks (1962) the short term […]

Classical and operant conditioning are two important conceptscentral to behavioural psychology. From the point of view of behaviouristics, the appropriate focus of psychology should beobservable behaviour, without reference to inner states. Behaviourism isthe theory that human and animal behaviourcan be explained in terms of conditioning, without appeal to thoughts orfeelings, and that psychological disorders are best treated by alteringbehaviour patterns.Classical conditioningClassicalconditioning was the first type of learning to be discovered and to be studiedwithin behaviourist tradition. It was first described by Ivan Pavlov, a Russianphysiologist. Classical conditioning is the process of forming an associationbetween a naturally existing stimulus and a previously […]

 Mental representation isa theoretical cognitive symbol that internally represents the external realitythat is used in psychology (cognitive psychology, neuroscience and cognitive science)and in the philosophy of mind. In other words, it is the way people createmodels about their surroundings, about what they perceive. According to Brentano(1874) representation is a mental phenomenon as follows: ‘Every mentalphenomenon is characterized by what the Scholastics of the Middle Ages calledthe intentional in-existence of an object, and what we might call .. .direction toward an object … Every mental phenomenon includes something asan object within itself, although they do not all do so in the […]

Scientists and psychologists have conducted countless studies on human sexuality. Dr. William Masters and Virginia Johnson’s research is the most renowned and frequently reviewed. Their findings on human physiological arousal established a baseline model for societal understanding. In the 1960s, Masters and Johnson discovered the sexual response cycle in both men and women. The sexual response cycle has four phases, but their findings indicate that each sex experiences the cycle differently. The first phase is excitement or sexual arousal. During this phase, both men and women experience a similar change when aroused. Blood flow increases to the genitals causing the […]

 The Relevancy of Evil in the ContemporaryWestVanessaNowakowskiHUMA3005January10, 2018              The conceptof evil can be seen by many as no longer relevant in the contemporary West. Tothose people, the question is – what is evil? Perhaps it is a construct made bysociety to explain the bad things that happen in the world. It could be a wordwhich makes society feel safe and gives them a sense of security. Being able togroup the “bad people” or the “darkness” of the world into the category of evilis somehow a way to explain certain things in the world. Considering the commondefinition of evil, I believe that […]

Plato’s “Allegory of the Cave” is one of his most well known stories and I believe it’s one of the most accurate depictions of the modern world. Education now, more than ever, is seen as the key to success. People without an education not only earn much less money a year on average, but according to Plato, they are ignorant people who would rather choose to be shackled and staring at a wall than do anything to free themselves. In this excerpt he explains that people are born and ‘raised’ in a cave. Plato continues to describe these people that […]

Manystudents are suffering from debilitating stress levels, caused by measurementdriven instruction. This type of instruction creates higher stress levels instudents and lower success rates after college. Students stress levels increasebecause they are worried about flunking a class after just one test. Higherstress levels can cause illness in students. Because of standardized testing whenstudents are not given instruction they exhibit no creativity. Measurement driven instruction can help students andteachers to determine what subjects they need to work on. “Year after year,standardized test results have exposed glaring racial biases in our educationsystem. Teachers and schools are no longer able to hide behind […]

Mental fitness is a scale of psychological relief or a lack of mental illness. It is the “psychological situation of anyone who is functioning at a fitting degree of emotional and social adjustment. From the outlook of constructive psychology, intellectual health might also include an individual’s aptitude to revel in life and construct a stability between existence things to do and efforts to obtain psychological suppleness. World Health Organization (WHO), states that intellectual fitness includes “personal well-being, apparent self-efficacy, independence, capability, inter-generational dependence, and self-realization of one’s intellectual and emotional potential, among others”. The WHO further announces that the well-being […]