Category: Ethics

 A few numbers of   major ethical principles  should be considered  when conducting a research study. These ethical principles stress on the need of beneficence and do no harm or non-malfeasance. In research guidelines, these ethical principles mean that as a researcher, you need to: (1) minimize risk of harm to the participants   (2) obtain informed consent from potential research participants  (3) protect their anonymity and confidentiality (4) avoid using deceptive practices  (5) give participants the right to withdraw from the research 1) MINIMISING THE RISK OF HARMResearch study should be not harm the participants. The possibility that participants could be harmed or been in a  discomfort condition, there must be strong justifications for this. Such scenarios will also […]

Research is usually done using human beings with feelingsand experiences. Method of data in some studies also touched confidential,emotional, rights, personal things, and the truth of the subjects. Respondentshave secret or confidential information, which cannot be known by others. Whendisclosed or announced will have a negative impact on certain parties,researchers need to know the ethics of research before planning and conductingresearch. Ethics is derived from the Greek word meaning”ethos” which means the common sense that is commonly matched bysystematic studies of the concept of ‘good’, ‘bad’, ‘right’ and ‘wrong’.Ethical issues are the dilemmas and conflicts that may arise on a […]

000457392Philosophy 101Christian GoldenFinal PaperRight and WrongThroughout the semester, we have covered many different types of ethical theories.  Overall, we have come to a common understanding that an ethical theory can be generally a system of thought, or a theory that can be an all including framework, for making sense of and justifying our experiences and judgments regarding right and wrong conduct.  This paper will focus on two different ethical theories that have been discussed this semester.  These theories are: Utilitarianism and virtue theory.  First I will compare the theories by differences and state any possible similarities.  Secondly, I will defend […]

There are several definition of informed consent. According to LeMone and Burke,  informed consent is a legal document required for certain diagnostic procedures or therapeutics measures, including surgeries. (LeMone & Burke, 2004). According to Taber’s Cyclopedic Medical Dictionary, informed consent is a voluntary agreement made by a well-advice and mentally competent patient to be treated or randomized into a research study.(Venes & Taber, 2005). According to The Research Ethics Guidebooks, consent is the central act in research ethics, as set out in the 1947 Nuremberg Code. (Consent. n.d.) According to Bulger, the Nuremberg Code was establish in 1949, for the purpose of […]

Informed consent is a fundamental ethical requirements for research with human subjects. Itis when a subject voluntarily agrees to participate in a research study in which he or she has fullunderstanding of the study before the study begins (Nieswiadomy, 2014). The informed consentprocess is where the participant is informed regarding all aspects of the trial, which are importantfor the participant to make a decision and after studying all aspects of the trial, the participantvoluntarily confirms his or her willingness to participate in a particular clinical trial and significanceof the research for advancement of medical knowledge and social welfare (Nijhawan et […]

Indoing research, there are five main ethical pillars that must be followed byresearcher. First, minimize the risk of harm to participants. This principlestress on how a research should not harm participants by considering allaspects that could bring harm such as physical harm, psychological distress anddiscomfort, social disadvantage, financial status or an invasion ofparticipant’s privacy and anonymity. Non-maleficence requires a high level ofsensitivity from the researcher about what constitutes “harm” (FordL., 2009). Discomfort and harm can be physiological, emotional, social and economicin nature (Burns N., 2005). By acknowledging these risk aspects, interventionsto avoid or minimizing the risk of harm could be […]

Name: Course: Institution: Date: Philosophy Utilitarian is a consequentiality ethic since it reflects on the amount of contentment or pain in the outcome of an action. However, Kantian morality is deontological and non-consequential because it identifies the right deed as one, which suits a decree that can be followed by everyone (Morton 207). In Kantian Deontology, an ethically right deed is explained as a doing that follows the law of rationale or what an individual of good would be considered to do. Since it is impractical to identify the intentions of one’s actions, it also becomes difficult to figure out […]

Deviance in Sports Discussion 6. 1 Over-conformity is whereby an athlete accepts and follows certain values and norms in the sport, even though they are extreme. Underconformity is whereby an athlete rejects or refuses to obey the norms in the sport. There are several norms in the ethics of sports. They include; first, the athlete should be capable of making certain sacrifices due to the game. Secondly, an athlete should strive to be distinct. Thirdly, the athlete should accept the risks accompanied by the sport and should be able to play even when in pain. Fourthly, an athlete should have […]

What made the balance difficult to strike was that itappeared that C’s refusal was bound up with a mix of non-rational and illogicalreasons. In the words of Thorpe J: ‘: ‘…C’s capacity is reduced by his mentalillness. But for him the decision as to whether it is sufficiently reduced remainsmarginal in the absence of any direct link between the persecutory delusionsand his present condition.’1 The courts had to considerwhether C’s capacity was so reduced by hischronic mental illness that he did not adequately understand the nature and theeffects of the treatment.Consequentialism (outcome based) and deontology (rulebased) are two key theories […]

InDavid Wallace’s article “Consider the Lobster,” Wallace’s talks about people’smorals on consuming lobsters, asking if the choice is righteous. Wallacediscusses the Maine Lobster Festival where many people attend and have over25,000 pounds of fresh-caught lobster each year by different methods on how tokill the lobster justifiable. He goes into depth about lobsters by talkingabout the history behind lobsters, defining the word “lobster,” and theevolution of the use of lobsters from back then in the past to the present day.Wallace later continues to talk about how he finds the way lobsters are boiledalive very unethical. He debates the points of the […]